贵州桐梓柏箐自然保护区金佛山方竹林类型

贵州省桐梓县柏枝山、箐坝自然保护区的金佛山方竹是山地常绿落叶阔叶混交林生态系统的重要层片,生长繁茂,经济价值高。在保护该生态系统的前提下,以经营利用为目的,考虑影响金佛山方竹经济性状的主要因素,对金佛山方竹林进行类型划分,并提出经营建议。     

马尾松毛虫安全区划分的动物多样性指数指标研究

通过比较广西宾阳县、宁明县、陆川县、临桂县、全州县马尾松毛虫安全区春季与夏季松林群落中的害虫种数、天敌种数、中性动物种数和益害比、动物多样性指数,认为划分马尾松毛虫安全区动物多样性指数的具体数值为≥2.300,据此进一步将安全区划分为基本稳定区、中等稳定区和高度稳定区.     

青海三江源区湿地状况及保护对策

从自然湿地分布的特性以及保护整体性角度出发,将三江源区范围确定为青海省内的长江流域全部、西南诸河的澜沧江二级流域全部以及黄河流域的龙羊峡以上二级流域组成的一个连续区域。统计计算了三江源区内面积≥100hm2的湿地类型、面积和流域分布。分析了湿地资源受威胁状况,并根据当地自然环境和社会经济的特殊情况,提出了湿地保护对策,为三江源湿地的系统保护提供了技术思路。     

南岭不同林型土壤微生物数量特征分析

调查了南岭小坑森林公园4种典型林型针阔混交林、常绿阔叶林、杉木林、毛竹林,并在不同林型采集土壤样本,分析该地区4种不同林型土壤微生物的种群分布情况.结果表明:(1)不同林型土壤微生物数量存在极显著差异(p<0.001),微生物总数平均值以针阔混交林最高,数量是(40.5±13.4)×105CFU.g-1,毛竹林[(27.9±8.1)×105CFU.g-1]和常绿阔叶林[(30.2±11.0)×105CFU.-g 1]次之,杉木林的数量最少[(17.9±5.8)×105CFU.g-1];(2)不同林型土壤微生物中,各类微生物组成比例不尽相同.从总体来看,以细菌占绝大多数(平均为74.6%),其次是放线菌(平均为13.9%),真菌较少(平均为11.5%);(3)同一林型在不同时间条件下,各种土壤微生物的数量与其占微生物总数的比例均呈现出明显动态变化特征.     

退耕还林地土壤及不同农茬对日本落叶松育苗的影响

通过对不同土壤类型及不同农作物茬口对日本落叶松育苗生长影响的试验研究,结果表明:在农茬地进行日本落叶松育苗应选择壤土或砂壤土,不宜选择碱土、砂土和黏土作苗圃地;不同茬口以日本落叶松重茬地育苗能够明显增加苗木生长量,以白菜茬为对照,日本落叶松重茬地可使苗高增加1.57倍,地径增加0.18倍,封顶量增加1.25倍,每hm2株数增加1.13倍。其他农茬首选大豆茬地、草木樨、瓜地茬,而谷子和白菜地茬不应作苗圃地繁育日本落叶松。     

嫩江沙地不同土壤质地类型起沙风速的研究

文章研究将沙粒在风速达到沙粒的起动风速时沙粒的瞬间起动方式分为4种,即:滚动、跳跃、悬浮和飞扬4种。在嫩江沙地的3种典型土壤(沙质黏壤土、沙质壤土、风沙土)质地类型区域分别观测记录了沙粒在出现这4种情况时的瞬时风速值大小。经分析得出,在沙质黏壤土、沙质壤土和风沙土等3种土壤类型区域,若能将风速分别控制在6.3、6.4和7.2 m.s-1,即可有效防止风沙流的产生。     

A commentary on current approaches to forest population genetics

Some of the most frequently chosen approaches to forest population genetics as reflected in the present volume are discussed, and some topics possibly deserving more attention are addressed. Among the first are studies of self-fertilization as a characteristic of forest tree mating systems, gene markers as indicators of adaptive or phylogenetic differentiation, and methodological aspects of the measurement of genetic differentiation. The latter mainly concern generalizable methods of analysis and the involvement of gene markers in the determination of mating systems, detection of mechanisms of frequency dependent selection, and the incorporation of genetic profiles (characteristics of frequency distributions of genetic types) into population genetic analysis.     

不同类型林分青杨虎天牛发生状况研究

通过调查分析,得到青杨虎天牛在各种杨树及其它阔叶树种的纯林、混交林以及不同类型林分、、树干不同部位的发生状况,选择出相对抗青杨虎天牛及易受青杨虎天牛危害的杨树品种及其它阔叶树种,为利用生态方法控制青杨虎天牛的传播和蔓延提供了科学依据。     

Morphological variance and natural types' division of plus trees ofLarix principis-rupprechtii Mayr.

The phenotypic characteristics of the plus trees ofLarix principis-rupprechtii such as stem form, branch angle, branch/stem ratio, branch density, the crown width, crown length, number of short branch over 5-cm branch segment in length, and the leaf number of each short branch were investigated in seed orchard in the Changcheng Mountain, Shaanxi Province. According to the morphological characters, the plus tree clones ofLarix principis-rupprechtii were classified into 4 natural types: the narrow-dense-crown type, wide-dense-crown type, wide-sparse-crown type, and the narrow-sparse-crown type. The result of the cluster analysis showed there was a very significant difference in tree growth among the four natural types. While comparing the tree growth of four natural types for the last ten years, it was found that the performance order of various types from good to bad is as follows: the narrow-dense crown type > the wide-dense crown type > the wide-sparse crown type > the narrow-sparse crown type. The plus trees of narrow-dense-crown, as a fine type, should be paid great attention to production and prepared to popularize. Biography: ZHANG Xin-bo (1956-), male, Senior engineer of Shanxi Academy of Forestry Science and Northern Research Institute of Forestry of China, Taiyuan 030012, P. R. China Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai     

晋东南石灰岩山地油松人工林立地类型划分及评价

利用１１８块野外标准地资料，对晋东南石灰岩山地油松人工林进行了立地类型划分及生长评价。经分析坡向、海拔、土层厚度为影响林木生长的主导立地因子，３个主导立地因子共构成２４个组合立地，每个组合立地可视为一个立地类型，用最优分割法将２４个立地类型划分为４个立地类型组。在优势木与平均木树高相关分析的基础上，以椽材林木为标准。对４个立地类型组进行了林木生长评价与预测。